Heat Alert: Protect Yourself from Heat Stroke This Summer!

By: Shreema Basnet, MD.,
Internal Medicine, Resident

 

As summer temperatures rise, so do the risks of heat-related illnesses. One of the most serious—and potentially life-threatening—is heat stroke.

What is Heat Stroke?

Heat stroke occurs when the body overheats and can no longer cool itself effectively, leading to a dangerously high body temperature of over 104°F. It is a medical emergency; if untreated, it can cause damage to the brain and other organs.

There are two types:

Exertional Heat Stroke (EHS): Occurs in healthy individuals (e.g., athletes, laborers) who engage in strenuous activity in hot, humid environments.

Classic (Non-Exertional) Heat Stroke: Occurs in older adults (over 65 years of age), infants and young children, patients with chronic illnesses, and those taking medications (such as diuretics, beta-blockers, or antipsychotics), particularly in the absence of physical activity.

Symptoms:

• Core body temperature of 104°F (40°C) or higher.
• Confusion, agitation, headache, seizures, and loss of consciousness.
• Hot, flushed, and dry skin in classic heat stroke (though sweating may persist in exertional cases).
• Rapid and strong pulse, low blood pressure.
• Nausea or vomiting.

Call 911 immediately if you suspect someone is experiencing heat stroke!

 

What to Do Before Help Arrives:

• Move the person to a cooler area immediately.
• Loosen or remove excess clothing.
• Apply cold, wet cloths to the skin or use ice packs (especially under the arms and groin).
• Use a fan or cool mist if available.

How to Prevent Heat Stroke:

• Stay hydrated.
• Wear loose-fitting, lightweight, and light-colored clothing.
• Limit outdoor activity during peak heat.
• Never leave children in a parked car.
• Use sunscreen and wear a wide-brimmed hat.
• Take breaks in shaded or air-conditioned areas if working outdoors.
• Be aware of your risk factors that can increase susceptibility to heat stroke.

By following these guidelines, you can help protect yourself and others from the dangers of heat stroke this summer. Stay safe!